Beijing has made huge headway in the field of science and technology, with the city's R&D spending accounting for around 6% of its GDP during the past five years.

Beijing ranked first worldwide in Nature Index 2021 Science Cities for four consecutive years and for the number of highly-cited researchers. Meanwhile, the city's number of invention patents per 10,000 people is 10 times that of the national average. It also received 30% of national science and technology awards, and made a number of world-class and groundbreaking sci-tech achievements.

In 2017, Beijing started building the Huairou Science City in the city's Huairou district. The science city finished construction of 29 scientific facilities during the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020) and half of the facilities will be put into operation by the end of 2022.

The industrial and supply chains have been upgraded and improved. For example, a company with 753 patents for hydrogen fuel cells will be able to produce all core and key components by itself within the next four years, thus smoothing the whole industrial chain.

Beijing has made a number of world-class breakthroughs, including the first innovative BTLA-targeted drug against tumors and the world's largest AI model, and set up new research institutes on biotechnology, quantum computing and AI. 

During the city's fight against the pandemic, Beijing developed five vaccines that have been either approved for market or validated for emergency use, as well as 17 test kits and equipment that were granted market access. 

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