The Second Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC Central Committee
From March 5 to 13, 1949, the Seventh Central Committee of the CPC held its second plenary session at Xibaipo.
This meeting was held following the victories in the Liaoxi-Shenyang, Huai-Hai and Beiping-Tianjin campaigns and the defeat of the main forces of the KMT, and prior to a nationwide victory. A total of 34 Central Committee members and 19 alternate members attended the session, and 11 people were present at the meeting as non-voting members.
The session listened to and discussed Mao Zedong's report, approved the work of the Political Bureau since the first plenary session in June 1945, approved the proposals on convening a new political consultative conference and on founding a democratic coalition government, and approved Mao Zedong's statement indicating the Party's willingness to negotiate peace with the Nanjing-based KMT government on the basis of eight terms.
In line with Mao's report, the session set out policies to achieve rapid nationwide victory in the war, and drew a blueprint for the subsequent construction of the New Democracy. It also defined the Party's basic political, economic and foreign policies, set the general strategy and tactics for transforming China from an agricultural to an industrial country and from a new-democratic to a socialist society, and discussed how to shift the Party's focus from the rural areas to the cities.
The session pointed out that after achieving a nationwide victory and solving the land issue, China would face two principal conflicts – internally, between the working class and the bourgeoisie and, externally, between China and imperialist countries.
The session particularly emphasized the need to strengthen ideological education inside the Party, so as to prevent the bourgeois ideology from corroding the Party ranks. It reminded Party members to remain modest, prudent and free from arrogance and rashness in their work, continue a plain lifestyle, and preserve the virtues of hard struggle.
The session was held at a critical point in the Chinese revolution and had far-reaching significance. The policies adopted at the session helped ensure a nationwide victory, and served as guidance for the various undertakings of the new government.
中共七届二中全会
1949年3月5日至13日，中共中央在河北省平山县西柏坡村召开了中国共产党第七届中央委员会第二次全体会议。全会是在辽沈、平津、淮海三大战役取得伟大胜利，国民党军队主力被歼灭，中国人民解放战争即将取得全国胜利前夕召开的。出席全会的有中央委员34人，候补中央委员19人，列席会议11人。
全会听取并讨论了毛泽东的报告，批准了1945年6月七届一中全会以来中央政治局的工作，批准了由中国共产党发起的关于召开新的政治协商会议及成立民主联合政府的建议，批准了毛泽东关于以八项条件作为与南京政府进行和平谈判基础的声明。全会根据毛泽东的报告，制定了促进革命取得全国胜利和组织这个胜利的方针，确定了革命胜利后新民主主义建设的蓝图；规定了全国胜利后，党在政治、经济、外交方面应当采取的基本政策，以及使中国由农业国转变为工业国、由新民主主义社会转变到社会主义社会的总的任务和主要途径；讨论了党的工作重心由乡村向城市实行战略转移的问题。这次全会指出，革命在全国胜利并解决了土地问题以后，中国还存在着两种基本矛盾，国内是工人阶级和资产阶级的矛盾，国外是中国和帝国主义国家的矛盾。
这次全会还特别强调应加强党的思想建设，防止资产阶级思想侵蚀党的队伍，提醒全党在革命胜利后务必继续保持谦虚、谨慎、不骄、不躁的作风，务必继续保持艰苦奋斗的作风。
中共七届二中全会是在中国革命转折关头召开的一次具有深远历史意义的会议，它所作出的各项政策规定，不仅对迎接中国革命在全国的胜利，而且对新中国的建设事业，都具有巨大的指导作用。
