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汉英笔译中数字书写的规则

    在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往让人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。

实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。

. 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即110用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们借鉴。

那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。

That table measures ten feet by five.

大学课堂的传统的教学方式是,一个教授和二三十名学生每周见面两三次,每次授课时间4550分钟。

The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.

. 人数用阿拉伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。

选举名单上有203817个投票人。

There are 203,817 voters on the electoral rolls.

3万个投票人参加了这次选举。

Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.

. 遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。

工作台的最大旋转角度是120度。

Maximum swivel of table is l20.

3rd March 19913 March 1991

a discount of 5 percent5%的折扣);

purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯);

ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(订购2磅肉馅)

如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示。

about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里)

at least ten yards away(至少有10码远)

hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻)

I have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了。)

. 在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更常用。

这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转,时输出功率是153千瓦。

The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4,400 revolutions per minute.

我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。

We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0 and 76cmpressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.

. 句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。

74日是美国历史上重要的一天。

4th July is an important date in American history.

应改写成The fourth of July...

19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。

19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.

应改写成:Nineteen couples took...

据报道有60的利润。

60 profit was reported.

应改写成:Sixty per cent profit…

试验时,在杆的中点加了1345公斤力。

1,345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.

可改成When tested, a force of l,345 kg was applied...

. 遇到分数,可用带连字符的单词表示。

这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。

At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.

氮约占大气的五分之四。

Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.

(来源:catti.net.cn
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