Focus on Hunan
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Administrative districts and cities
Hunan Province has 14 cities and districts, 122 counties (city, district), and 2,354 townships (towns). Changsha is the provincial capital.
Changsha City Located in the northeast of Hunan Province and in low reach area of Xiangjiang River, Changsha City with a history of more than 3,000 years is one of the first twenty-four historical cities made known by the State Council. Changsha has five districts, including Furong, Tianxin, Yuelu, Kaifu and Ruhua, 3 counties (Changsha, Wangcheng, Ningxiang) and Liuyang City under its jurisdiction, with a total acreage of 11,800 square kilometers and a total population of 6.6736 million. Both Changsha city and Liuyang city have been listed into top 100 counties in China.
Zhuzhou City Located in the east of Hunan Province, Zhuzhou City governs four districts including Tianyuan, Lusong, Hetang, and Shifeng, five counties of Zhuzhou, You County, Chaling, Yanling, and Liling City, with a total area of 11,272 square kilometers and a total population of 4.0336 million.
Xiangtan City Located in the east of central Hunan Province, Xiangtan City governs Xiangtan County, Xiangxiang City and Shaoshan City and two districts of Yuetang and Yuhu, with a total area of 5,016 square kilometers and a total population of more than 2.9986 million.
Yueyang City Located in the northeast of Hunan Province, Yueyang City governs 3 districts of Yoyanglou, Junshan and Yunxi, Linxiang City, Miluo City, Huarong County, Yueyang County, Pingjiang County and Xiangyin County, with a total area of 15,000 square kilometers and a total population of 5.4777 million.
Yiyang City Located in the north of central Hunan Province; Yiyang City governs 3 districts of Heshan, Ziyang and Datonghu, Yuanjiang City, Taojiang County, Nanxian County and Anhua County, with a total area of 12,144 square kilometers and a total population of 4.7006 million.
Changde City Located in the north of Hunan Province; Changde City governs 2 districts of Wuling and Dingcheng, Hanshou City, Taoyuan County, Linli County, Shimen County, Lixian County, Jinshi City and Anxiang County, with a total area of 18,189 square kilometers and a total population of 6.1003 million.
Hengyang City Located in the south of central Hunan Province, Hengyang City governs Hengan County, Hengyang County, Hengdong County, Qidong County, Changning County, Leiyang City, and Yanfeng, Shigu, Zhuhui, Zhengxiang and Nanyue districts, with a total area of 15,310 square kilometers and a total population of 7.2038 million.
Yongzhou City Located in the south of Hunan Province, Yongzhou City governs Zhishan District, Lengshuitan Districts, Dong’an County, Qiyang County, Shuangpai County, Ningyuan City, Xintian County, Daoxian County, Jiangyong County, Jianghua County and Lasnshan County, with a total area of 22,400 square kilometers and a total population of 5.7899 million.
Chenzhou City Located in the Southeast of Hunan Province, Chenzhou City governs beijhu District, Suxian District, Zixing County, Guiyang County, Yongxing County, Yizhang County, Jiahe County, Linwu County, Rucheng County, Anren County and Guidong County, with total area of 19,400 square kilometers and total population of 4.6780 million.
Shaoyang City Located in central Hunan Province, Shaoyang City governs 3 districts of Shuangqing, Daxiang and Beita, Xinshao County, Shaoyang County, Longhui County, Dongkou County, Wugang City, Xinning County, Suining County and Chengbu Miao Autonomous County Autonomous County, with a total area of 20,876 square kilometers and a total population of 7.4513 million.
Loudi City Located in central Hunan Province; Loudi City governs Shuangfeng County, Xinhua County, Lengshuijiang City, Lianyuan City and Louxing District, with a total area of 8,117 square kilometers and a total population of 4.1886 million.
Huaihua City Located in southwest of Hunan Province, Huaihua City governs 2 cities of Huaihua and Hongjiang, 2 distrcits of Hecheng and Hongjiang, Yuanling County, Xupu County, Chenxi County, Qianyang County, Huitong County and Zhongfang County, and 5 Autonomous Counties of Xinhuang, Tongdao, Zhijiang, Jingzhou and Mayang, with a total area of 27,600 square kilometers and a total population of 5.0730 million.
Zhangjiajie City Located in northwest of Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie City governs Yongding District, Wuling District , Sangzhi County and Cili County, with a total area of 9,653 square kilometers and a total population of 1.6415 million.
Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Located in north of west Hunan Province, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture governs 8 Cities (Counties) of Jishou, Luxi, Fenghuang, Guzhang, Huayuan, Baojing, Yongshun and Longshan, with a total area of 15,486 square kilometers and a total population of 2.7078 million. 202.5% of them are people of national minorities.
Population and ethnic groups
Hunan is one of the provinces with a big population, ranking No. 7 in China with average population density of 311 per square kilometer, which is more than double of national average density. At the end of 2008, the total population of Hunan is 68.4520 million, 395,000 more than last year, among which the urban population is 28.8525 million and the rural population is 39.5995 million.
Hunan also is a province of ethnic groups, among which Han population accounts for 89.9% of the total population, while population of other ethnic groups accounts for 10.1%. Among the population of other ethnic groups , Tujia has a population of more than 2.6 million, Miao, a population of more than 1.90 million, Dong, a population of more than 800, 000, and Yao, a population of more than 700,000.
Economy and development
2008 is undoubtedly a very unusual year. Hunan people united together and implemented important decisions and measures of the Central Party Committee under the strong leadership of Hunan Provincial government. Strong-minded Hunan people carried out the strategy of “standardization, fundamental system, fundamental materials and skills”, grasped the opportunity to bring in new varieties and finally won the upbeat situation featured as increased economy and optimum structure. The fiscal revenue of Hunan in 2008 reached 130.855 billion RMB, increase by 16.5%over last year. Its GDP hit multi- billion RMB for the first time and ranked top ten in China. A prosperous, stable and harmonious of new Hunan is taking a lead in rising.
Under the strong leadership of Hunan provincial government, Hunan industry has been resolutely implemented the important strategic decision featured by rapid economic development with the leading and the impetus of the new road of industrialization. the province has made great efforts to cultivate the industrial group with competitive advantages, making the leading enterprises and major even bigger and stronger and actively pushing forward the informationization and industrialization, and a new development tide in industry is emerging with the economic results steadily improved and the overall strength quickly enhanced. At present, high tech industry groups with Hunan characteristic are emerging in IT, biological medicine, new material, Optical-Mechanical-Electric Integration and so on, among which some larger leading enterprises with powerful influence in China are brought up, such as Valin Iron & Steel Group Co., Ltd, CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works, Baling Petrochemical, Changling Refinery and so on. The output value of three industries such as food-processing, Petrochemicals and nonferrous metal has been over RMB 100 billion Yuan last year. In 2008, the total value added of industry is RMB 357.085 billion Yuan, 18.4% higher than last year.
Hunan industry has recorded many firsts in china: the first maglev test vehicle, the first walking robot with two feet, the first "queen bee" flight vehicle, the first Intelligent Tool Machine, the first USB flash memory disk, the first "Milky Way" I, II giant ultra-high-speed computer, the first domestically produced airplane brake pad, and so on. Today, Hunan industry is expected to make bigger breakthrough.
At present, Hunan high tech industry has formed more than ten superiority industries, such as new material, advanced manufacture, biology and medicine, electron and information, and seven high-tech areas represented by Chang-Zhu-Tan triangle area. The high-tech industry has become the important driving force to the fast growth of Hunan economy. In 2008, the value added of Hunan high-tech industry is RMB 109.884 billion Yuan, 30.7% higher than last year. We have approached or achieved the international advanced level in many areas.
Hunan manufacturing industry has strong strength, boasting of some domestic leading companies such as Zoom lion Heavy Industry Science & Technology, Sany Heavy Industry, Broad Air Conditioning, and Changfeng Motor. At present, Hunan advanced manufacturing industry has formed modern engineering mechanical industry group around Changsha, modern electric locomotive and light rail & subway industry group around Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, digital instrument industry group based in Changsha, and high pressure & ultrahigh voltage power transformer equipment manufacture industry group based in Hengyang. Driven by a batch of core technologies and patent products with independent intellectual property rights, Hunan manufacturing industry is rising rapidly, and it has clearly set the grand goal of building a city of world Machinery Industry.
Hunan covers a vast area, and is a famous “land of fish and rice” with bountiful products and developed agriculture. Along with the development from a big agricultural province to a strong agricultural province, Hunan always takes agriculture as its top priority, solidifies the fundamental position of agriculture, does its best to advance modern agriculture, continuees to boost the countryside construction, increasingly raises the farmers income. As a consequence, Hunan’s agriculture makes increasing contributions to the whole country. At present, the Human outputs of main agricultural and subsidiary products, such as grain, cotton, oil plants, ramie, roasted tobacco, pork, beef and mutton, occupy front row of whole nation. Among that, the output of ramie is the first in rank, the live pig the second, the roasted tobacco the fourth, and the rice output holding the top place for many years. In 2008, Hunan agricultural production grew steadily with all production indexes increased， realized the balance between land occupation and compensation in nine consecutive years and the grain output set a record with 59.4 billion grams.
Hunan has diversified special local products of agriculture and forestry, mainly including Hunan Lotus Seedpod, Hunan tea, oil-tea, hot pepper, ramie, mandarine,Dongjiang Fish, Linwu Duck, Ningxiang pork, Lotus powder and so on, among which the Hunan Lotus Seedpod is a famous special product with history of more than 3,000 years and its output always on the top. Hunan is also one of top four tea producing provinces. Hunan vigorously develops the agricultural product processing industry, making great efforts to cultivate and expand characteristic pillar industry. 50 agro-standardization experimental area were newly built last year and 220 key enterprises made revenue of RMB 83.0 billion Yuan last year.
Hunan solidly carries out the reconstruction of new rural area, strengthens rural infrastructure development, intensifies the utilization process of surface rainfall sources and improves the rural electricity grid and the integrated ability to fortify against disasters. RMB 65.435 billion Yuan was invested last year to comprehensively start the Demonstration Village project, which aims at helping to solve the problem of fresh water and fuel gas supply, and construct village road and telephone connections in order to greatly improve the countryside outlook of the entire province.
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