习近平接受路透社采访（全文）
Full text: Xi Jinping conducts written interview with Reuters
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| 问：作为国际社会一员，中国无论是帮助推进南苏丹和平进程，还是在也门内战中撤离包括英国人在内的外国人员，都发挥着越来越积极的作用。随着中国经济实力和世界影响力持续增长，中国将更多需要在全球范围内寻求保护自身权益。您如何看待未来10年中国在全球事务中的角色变化？中国是否将在调解冲突方面发挥更大作用？中国是否会有朝一日取代美国，成为世界警察，在世界各地建立军事基地以保护自己的利益？ | 5. China is playing an increasingly active role as a member of the international community, whether by helping bring peace to South Sudan or evacuating foreigners, including Britons, from the civil war in Yemen. As China's economic strength and world influence continue to grow, it needs to make more efforts to protect its rights and interests across the world. How do you see China's role in global affairs changing in the coming decade? Will it play a greater role in mediating conflicts? Will China one day replace the United States as the world's policeman and protect its interests by establishing military bases around the world? |
| 答：中国过去是、现在是、将来也必将是世界和平的维护者、共同发展的促进者、国际合作的推动者。随着综合国力不断提升，中国将更加积极地参与国际和地区事务。 | A: China was, is and will continue to be a force for world peace, common development and international cooperation. With the increase of its overall strength, China will be able to play a more active role in international and regional affairs. |
| 在今年9月举行的联合国成立70周年系列峰会上，我代表中国政府宣布，设立“南南合作援助基金”，首期提供20亿美元；设立为期10年、总额10亿美元的中国－联合国和平与发展基金；加入新的联合国维和能力待命机制，为此率先组建常备成建制维和警队，并建设8000人规模的维和待命部队。此外，中国还将在未来5年内，向非盟提供总额为1亿美元的无偿军事援助，以支持非洲常备军和危机应对快速反应部队建设。 | At the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the UN this September, I announced on behalf the Chinese government a series of initiatives, which include: The establishment of an assistance fund for South-South cooperation with an initial pledge of 2 billion U.S. dollars; A ten-year, 1-billion-U.S. dollar China-UN peace and development fund; China joining the newly-established UN Peacekeeping Capability Readiness System and setting up a permanent peacekeeping police squad and a peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 troops; The provision of 100 million U.S. dollars in military aid to the African Union in the coming five years to support the building of African Standby Force and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis. |
| 中国为世界和平与发展作出更多努力，不是想成为所谓的“世界警察”，更不是要取代谁。我们历来主张，各国的事情要由各国人民自己决定，世界上的事情要由世界各国人民商量决定。中国坚持联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，秉持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持不干涉别国内政，坚持以和平方式解决国际和地区热点问题。中国已经多次宣布，中国奉行防御性的国防政策，中国永远不称霸、永远不搞扩张、永远不会把自己的意志强加于人。 | China has been stepping up efforts for world peace and development not because it wants to become a "world cop", even less to take anyone' s place. We are always of the view that a country's affairs should be decided by its own people and the world's affairs should be managed through consultation among the peoples of all countries. China upholds the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It pursues common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. China follows the principle of non-interference in other country's internal affairs and believes that international and regional hot spots should be resolved by peaceful means. China has declared many times that it pursues a defence policy defensive in nature and will never seek hegemony, engage in expansion or impose its own will on others. |
| 问：中国是世界上最大的温室气体排放国，且已承诺使二氧化碳排放到2030年左右达到峰值，并将降低碳强度——使得每单位经济产出的排放量在2005年的水平上降低60%至65%。作为一个发展中国家，中国一直坚持发达国家应为减少二氧化碳排放承担大部分责任。中国是否会为确保年底巴黎气候变化大会达成一致而改变自己的谈判立场或作出进一步妥协？ | 6. China, the world's biggest greenhouse gas emitter, has pledged to bring its emissions to a peak by "around 2030" and has also said it would cut carbon intensity - the amount emitted per unit of economic output - by 60 to 65 percent below the 2005 level. As a developing country, China has stuck firmly to the principle that industrialized nations should bear most of the burden when it comes to cutting carbon emissions. Is China prepared to change any of its negotiating positions or offer further compromises in order to make sure that a new global climate change deal is secured in Paris later this year? |
| 答：气候变化是全球性挑战，任何一国都无法置身事外。发达国家和发展中国家对造成气候变化的历史责任不同，发展需求和能力也存在差异。就像一场赛车一样，有的车已经跑了很远，有的车刚刚出发，这个时候用统一尺度来限制车速是不适当的，也是不公平的。发达国家在应对气候变化方面多作表率，符合《联合国气候变化框架公约》所确立的共同但有区别的责任、公平、各自能力等重要原则，也是广大发展中国家的共同心愿。 | A: Climate change is a global challenge at which no country can stand on their own. Developed and developing countries have different historical responsibilities for climate change, and different development needs and capabilities. Just like in a car race: it would be neither reasonable nor fair to apply the same speed requirements to cars which have run far ahead and those which have only just left the starting point. Developed countries should do more and lead the way in addressing climate change. This is in keeping with the important principles laid down in the UNFCCC, such as "common but differentiated responsibilities", equity and respective capabilities. This is also the hope of all developing countries. |
| 坚持共同但有区别的责任等原则，不是说发展中国家就不要为全球应对气候变化作出贡献了，而是说要符合发展中国家能力和要求。中国已经成为世界节能和利用新能源、可再生能源第一大国。2014年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗和二氧化碳排放分别比2005年下降29.9%和33.8%。中国向联合国提交了国家自主贡献，这既是着眼于促进全球气候治理，也是中国发展的内在要求，是为实现公约目标所能作出的最大努力。中国宣布建立规模为200亿元人民币的气候变化南南合作基金，用以支持其他发展中国家。 | Having said that, the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" does not exempt developing countries from contributing their share to global response to climate change. It is only that such contribution should be in line with their capabilities and needs. China is now the world's biggest country in energy conservation and utilization of new and renewable energy. In 2014, China's per unit GDP energy consumption and CO2 emission were cut by 29.9 percent and 33.8 percent respectively from the 2005 level. China's submission to the UN of its nationally intended contributions is aimed at facilitating global climate governance, and also for the sake of China's own development. It represents China's very best effort to help achieve the goals set in the UNFCCC. China has announced the setting up of an 20-billion-RMB yuan South-South cooperation fund on climate change to help other developing countries. |
| 今年年底召开的巴黎大会将对2020年后国际应对气候变化机制作出安排，在全球应对气候变化多边进程中具有重要意义。谈判需要各方展现灵活，但《联合国气候变化框架公约》的基本原则应该得到遵循。各方要最大程度展示诚意，聚同化异，相向而行。中国愿发挥建设性作用，推动巴黎大会如期达成全面、均衡、有力度的协议。 | The Paris Conference coming up at the end of this year is a significant milestone in the multilateral process on climate change, as it will set up post-2020 international regimes to tackle this challenge. Progress in negotiations requires flexibility of all parties, yet the basic principles of the UNFCCC need to be observed. Parties should demonstrate sincerity as much as they can, build up consensus and work toward the same goal. China is ready to play a constructive role and work for the timely conclusion of a comprehensive, balanced and strong agreement at the Paris conference. |
| 问：中国处理南海领土主权问题的态度越来越坚定，这让许多邻国感到担忧。中国表示不追求霸权，将始终不渝坚持走和平发展道路。您如何看待许多邻国对此心怀疑虑？对中国在南海的活动可能加剧本地区安全局势恶化的指责，您如何回应？中国当前在南海活动的最终目的是什么？ | 7. China is being increasingly assertive in pushing its territorial claims in the South China Sea, which has worried many of its neighbors. China also says it will not pursue hegemony and will unswervingly stick to the path of peaceful development. Do you understand why so many of China's neighbors doubt these claims? How do you respond to accusations that China's activities in the South China Sea could be worsening the security situation in the region? What is China's ultimate aim with its current activities in the South China Sea? |
| 答：走和平发展道路符合中国根本利益，也符合地区国家和人民共同期待。中国的这个战略选择没有变，也不会变。长期以来，中国同邻国积极开展互利合作，给地区国家和人民带来了实实在在的利益。新形势下，中国将努力把中国发展惠及周边国家和人民，坚持与邻为善、以邻为伴的周边外交方针，坚持睦邻、安邻、富邻的周边外交政策，落实体现亲诚惠容的周边外交理念。 | A: To follow the path of peaceful development serves China's fundamental interests, and is also what regional countries and peoples expect from us. It is a strategic choice made by China that has not changed and will not change. For many years, China's active efforts for win-win cooperation with its neighbors have brought real benefits to countries and peoples in the region. Under the new circumstances, China will strive to deliver more benefits of its development to neighboring countries and peoples. China will continue to pursue friendship and partnership with its neighbors, build a harmonious, secure and prosperous neighborhood and follow through on its policy of amity, sincerity, mutual-benefit and inclusiveness towards its neighbors. |
| 南海诸岛自古以来就是中国领土，这是老祖宗留下的。任何人要侵犯中国的主权和相关权益，中国人民都不会答应。中国在南海采取的有关行动，是维护自身领土主权的正当反应。对本国领土范围外的土地提出主权要求，那是扩张主义。中国从未那么做过，不应当受到怀疑和指责。 | The islands and reefs in the South China Sea are Chinese territory since ancient times. They are left to us by our ancestors. The Chinese people will not allow anyone to infringe on China's sovereignty and related rights and interests in the South China Sea. The actions China has taken in the South China Sea are legitimate reactions to safeguard its territorial sovereignty. Expansionism refers to laying claims to land outside one's own territory. China has never done anything like that, so such doubts or accusations are unwarranted. |
| 在各方共同努力下，南海形势总体是稳定的。南海是中国对外经济往来的重要通道。中国比任何国家都需要南海和平、安全、稳定。中国不愿看到南海生乱，更不会主动制造混乱。当前，中国正积极努力同东盟国家在全面有效落实《南海各方行为宣言》的框架下，积极推进“南海行为准则”的磋商。中国将继续同南海周边邻国一道，通过机制对话管控争议，通过谈判协商和平解决争议，积极探索通过合作和共同开发实现互利共赢，维护各国依据国际法享有的南海航行和飞越自由，努力将南海建设成和平、友好、合作之海。有关方面也应尊重地区国家维护南海和平稳定的努力。 | With the joint efforts of all parties, the situation in the South China Sea has on the whole been stable. The South China Sea provides important waterways for China's international commercial exchanges. China needs peace, security and stability in the South China Sea more than any other country. China would not want any turbulence there, still less would it be the party to stir up chaos. It is working hard to take forward consultations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea within the framework of fully and effectively implementing the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. China will continue to work with its neighbors in the South China Sea to manage disputes through institutionalized dialogue, peacefully resolve disputes through negotiation and consultation, actively explore win-win results through cooperation and joint development, and safeguard the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by countries in accordance with international law. We will together endeavor to make the South China Sea a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation. And the efforts of countries in the region to maintain peace and stability there deserve more respect. |
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