2019年10月31日，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过了《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》（以下简称《决定》）。

《决定》发布后，中国外文局主管的中国翻译研究院组织党政、翻译等领域专家，精选重要语汇，经初译、审改、核定等环节，形成参考译法，以期为相关外事外宣翻译业务部门、外宣媒体、专业翻译机构以及各行各业涉外交流人员提供参考借鉴，推动做好重要政治词汇外译的统一化、规范化、标准化工作。

具体内容如下：

中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议通过的

《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》

Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Major Issues Concerning Upholding and Improving Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Modernizing the State Governance System and Capacity

Deliberated and Adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session 
of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC

一、15个部分标题摘编

1. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化

Upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the state governance system and capacity

2. 坚持和完善党的领导制度体系，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平

Upholding and improving the systems and institutions for CPC leadership, with enhanced capacity for the CPC to exercise power based on informed decisions, democratic process and the rule of law

3. 坚持和完善人民当家作主制度体系，发展社会主义民主政治

Upholding and improving the systems and institutions that ensure the people are masters of their own country, with continuous progress in socialist democracy

4. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系，提高党依法治国、依法执政能力

Upholding and improving the rule of law under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and enhancing the CPC's capacity as the ruling party to pursue law-based governance

5. 坚持和完善中国特色社会主义行政体制，构建职责明确、依法行政的政府治理体系

Upholding and improving the administrative system under socialism with Chinese characteristics, in a structure that ensures clearly defined duties and responsibilities and law-based administration

6. 坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，推动经济高质量发展

Upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system with the focus on quality growth

7. 坚持和完善繁荣发展社会主义先进文化的制度，巩固全体人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础

Upholding and improving the systems that promote the best of socialist culture so that the whole nation is united under shared beliefs and goals

8. 坚持和完善统筹城乡的民生保障制度，满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要

Upholding and improving social systems for urban and rural residents to satisfy the growing expectations for a better life

9. 坚持和完善共建共治共享的社会治理制度，保持社会稳定、维护国家安全

Upholding and improving social governance based on collaboration and broad participation, with the goal of benefiting all and ensuring social stability and national security

10. 坚持和完善生态文明制度体系，促进人与自然和谐共生

Upholding and improving the systems to promote eco-civilization so that humanity can live in harmony with nature

11. 坚持和完善党对人民军队的绝对领导制度，确保人民军队忠实履行新时代使命任务

Upholding and improving the CPC's absolute leadership over the people's armed forces so that they can fulfill their mission in the new era

12. 坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系，推进祖国和平统一

Upholding and improving "one country, two systems" to promote peaceful reunification of the Chinese nation

13. 坚持和完善独立自主的和平外交政策，推动构建人类命运共同体

Upholding and improving the independent foreign policy of peace and promoting a global community of shared future

14. 坚持和完善党和国家监督体系，强化对权力运行的制约和监督

Upholding and improving CPC and state supervision with strengthened discipline and scrutiny over the exercise of power

15. 加强党对坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的领导

Enhancing CPC leadership over the processes for upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and for modernizing the state governance system and capacity

二、显著优势

我国国家制度和国家治理体系具有多方面的的显著优势：

The strengths of China's state systems and governance are manifested in many ways：

1. 坚持党的集中统一领导，坚持党的科学理论，保持政治稳定，确保国家始终沿着社会主义方向前进；

Upholding the CPC's centralized and unified leadership, maintaining its scientific theories, guaranteeing political stability, and ensuring the country follows the socialist path;

2. 坚持人民当家作主，发展人民民主，密切联系群众，紧紧依靠人民推动国家发展；

Respecting the people's status as masters of the country, promoting people's democracy, maintaining close ties with the people, and relying on the people to drive national development;

3. 坚持全面依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家，切实保障社会公平正义和人民权利；

Pursuing law-based governance in all respects in a socialist country that follows the rule of law, ensures social fairness and justice, and guarantees the rights of the people;

4. 坚持全国一盘棋，调动各方面积极性，集中力量办大事；

Motivating all sectors, pooling all resources, and coordinating all our efforts to complete key national undertakings;

5. 坚持各民族一律平等，铸牢中华民族共同体意识，实现共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展；

Upholding equality between all ethnic groups, fostering a strong sense of national identity, and working together for common prosperity;

6. 坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展和按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存，把社会主义制度和市场经济有机结合起来，不断解放和发展社会生产力；

Maintaining the dominant role of public ownership while developing other forms of ownership, and implementing multiple modes of distribution with "to each according to their work" as the principal form. This structure represents an effective combination of the socialist system and the market economy and helps create and unlock additional productive forces;

7. 坚持共同的理想信念、价值理念、道德观念，弘扬中华优秀传统文化、革命文化、社会主义先进文化，促进全体人民在思想上精神上紧紧团结在一起；

Upholding common ideals, values and morals, promoting the best of Chinese traditions, socialist culture and revolutionary heritage, and uniting the nation in shared beliefs and convictions;

8. 坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，不断保障和改善民生、增进人民福祉，走共同富裕道路；

Pursuing a people-centered approach to development that improves quality of life and achieves prosperity for all;

9. 坚持改革创新、与时俱进，善于自我完善、自我发展，使社会始终充满生机活力；

Implementing further reform and innovation, keeping pace with the times, and pursuing constant self-development, leading to a more vibrant and dynamic society;

10. 坚持德才兼备、选贤任能，聚天下英才而用之，培养造就更多更优秀人才；

Selecting the best minds across the land based on their integrity and expertise, and preparing talent for the country's future needs;

11. 坚持党指挥枪，确保人民军队绝对忠诚于党和人民，有力保障国家主权、安全、发展利益；

Maintaining CPC leadership over the people's armed forces, and ensuring their absolute loyalty to the Party and the people and their ability to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and national interests;

12. 坚持“一国两制”，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，促进祖国和平统一；

Upholding the principle of "one country, two systems" to maintain lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao and promote the peaceful reunification of China;

13. 坚持独立自主和对外开放相统一，积极参与全球治理，为构建人类命运共同体不断作出贡献。

Maintaining independence and self-reliance while opening to the outside world, with more active participation in global governance and a greater contribution to the building of a global community of shared future.

三、其他重要概念、范畴、表述（摘录）

1. 经济快速发展奇迹和社会长期稳定奇迹

the miracle of rapid economic growth and sustained social stability

2. 党的全面领导制度

the system of overall leadership by the CPC

3. 中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度

the system of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation

4. 新型政党制度

a new model of political party relations

5. 最广泛的爱国统一战线

the broadest possible patriotic united front

6. 民族区域自治制度

the system of regional ethnic autonomy

7. 基层群众自治制度

the system of community-level self-governance

8. 社会主义法治国家

a socialist country under the rule of law

9. 科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法

a scientific approach to lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and common compliance with the law

10. 党委领导、人大主导、政府依托、各方参与的立法工作格局

legislation by the people's congresses under the leadership of Party committees, with government support and broad participation

11. 为人民服务、对人民负责、受人民监督

serving the people, answering to the people and scrutinized by the people

12. 数字政府建设

to build a digital government

13. 垂直管理体制和地方分级管理体制

the institutions of vertical national management and tiered local management

14. 权责清晰、财力协调、区域均衡的中央和地方财政关系

to establish a fiscal relationship between the central and local governments built upon clearly defined powers and responsibilities, with appropriate financial resource allocation and greater balance between regions

15. 社会主义市场经济体制

the socialist market economy

16. 供给侧结构性改革

supply-side structural reform

17. 管资本为主的国有资产监管体制

a state assets regulation system that focuses on capital

18. 农村集体产权制度改革

reform of the rural collective property rights system

19. 市场准入负面清单制度

a negative list for market access

20. 竞争政策基础地位

the fundamental role of competition policies

21. 具有高度适应性、竞争力、普惠性的现代金融体系

a modern financial system that is adaptive, competitive and inclusive

22. 经济治理基础数据库

a basic database for economic governance

23. 乡村振兴战略

the rural revitalization strategy

24. 国家战略科技力量

to build up China's strategic capacity in science and technology

25. 国家实验室体系

a system of national laboratories

26. 新型举国体制

a new system concentrating nationwide effort and resources on key national undertakings

27. 科技伦理治理体制

a regulatory system for ethics in science and technology

28. 外商投资准入前国民待遇

pre-establishment national treatment for foreign investment

29. 自由贸易试验区、自由贸易港

pilot free trade zones and free trade ports

30. 举旗帜、聚民心、育新人、兴文化、展形象

to uphold socialism, rally public support, foster a new generation with sound values and ethics, develop Chinese culture, and build a good image of China

31. 马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度

the fundamental system which ensures that Marxism guides all our ideological work

32. 社会主义核心价值观

the core socialist values

33. 中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程

programs to carry on the best of Chinese traditions and cultural heritage

34. 覆盖全社会的征信体系

a credit system covering all citizens

35. 公共文化服务体系建设

to improve public cultural services

36. 全媒体传播体系

all-media communication system

37. 幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶

to ensure access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social welfare assistance

38. 普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设

programs that are inclusive, general and guarantee basic needs

39. 服务全民终身学习的教育体系

an educational system for lifelong learning

40. 统筹城乡、可持续的基本养老保险制度、基本医疗保险制度

(to enhance) sustainable basic pension and medical insurance schemes that cover both urban and rural residents

41. 公平可及、系统连续的健康服务

fair, accessible, systematic and consistent health services

42. 党委领导、政府负责、民主协商、社会协同、公众参与、法治保障、科技支撑的社会治理体系

a social governance system led by Party committees and implemented by the government, based on consultation, coordination, broad participation and the rule of law, and supported by technologies

43. 社会治理共同体

social governance with broad-based participation

44. 新时代“枫桥经验”

the Fengqiao model in promoting social harmony in the new era

45. 社会治安防控体系

a crime prevention and control system

46. 公共安全体制机制

public safety systems and mechanisms

47. 统一指挥、专常兼备、反应灵敏、上下联动的应急管理体制

an emergency management system with unified command and reserves of regular and specialized staff, capable of quick response and effective coordination at different levels

48. 基层社会治理新格局

a new model of community-level governance

49. 网格化管理和服务

digital management and services for a matrix of urban communities

50. 国家安全体系

the national security system

51. 总体国家安全观

a holistic approach to national security

52. 节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主

principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection, and letting nature restore itself

53. 主体功能区制度

a functional zoning system

54. 资源高效利用制度

a system for efficient utilization of resources

55. 垃圾分类和资源化利用制度

a system for waste sorting and recycling

56. 生态保护和修复制度

a system for eco-environmental conservation and restoration

57. 山水林田湖草一体化保护和修复

a holistic approach to protecting and restoring mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands

58. 国家公园保护制度

a national park system

59. 生态环境保护责任制度

an accountability system for eco-environmental protection

60. 生态补偿和生态环境损害赔偿制度

a system of subsidy for eco-protection and compensation for eco-environmental damage

61. 军委主席负责制

the principle of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission

62. 军民融合

civil-military integration

63. “一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治

the policies of "one country, two systems," "the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong," "the people of Macao governing Macao," and a high degree of autonomy for both regions

64. 粤港澳大湾区建设

the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

65. 新型国际关系

a new model of international relations

66. 全球治理体系改革和建设

to reform and develop the global governance system

67. 人类命运共同体

a global community of shared future

68. 共商共建共享的全球治理观

an approach to global governance based on extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits

69. 不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐体制机制

systems and mechanisms ensuring that officials do not dare, are not able, and ultimately have no desire to be corrupt

70. 权威高效的制度执行机制

authoritative and efficient mechanisms for implementation

71. 坚持和完善支撑中国特色社会主义制度的根本制度、基本制度、重要制度

to uphold and improve the fundamental, basic and important systems that underpin the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics

72. 着力固根基、扬优势、补短板、强弱项

to solidify the foundation, leverage our strengths and tackle areas of weaknesses

73. 加强系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理

to improve governance with laws and regulations, systematic and comprehensive measures, and an emphasis on addressing problems at the source

74. 坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信

to maintain confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics

75. 把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能

to turn the strengths of China's state systems into efficient state governance

76. 建立不忘初心、牢记使命的制度

a system that ensures CPC members' commitment to the CPC's original aspiration and founding mission

77. 健全为人民执政、靠人民执政各项制度

to improve the systems of governance for the people and supported by the people

78. 改进党的领导方式和执政方式

to improve the Party's approach to leadership and governance

79. 体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造

to give full expression to the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, and unleash their creativity

80. 健全人大对“一府一委两院”监督制度

to improve the system through which people's congresses oversee the government, the supervisory commissions, the people's courts and the people's procuratorates

81. 坚持大统战工作格局

to build a united front with extensive social participation

82. 促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞关系和谐

to harmonize the relations between political parties, ethnic groups, religions, and social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas

83. 坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进

to pursue coordinated progress in law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based government administration

84. 建设人民满意的服务型政府

to build a service-oriented government to satisfy the needs of the people

85. 推进全国一体化政务服务平台建设

to build a nationwide online platform for government services

86. 改善营商环境

to improve the business environment

87. 赋予地方更多自主权

More authority should be delegated to local governments.

88. 构建亲清政商关系

to build a close and clean government-business relationship

89. 构建区域协调发展新机制

to put in place new mechanisms for coordinated development across different regions

90. 建立解决相对贫困的长效机制

to establish long-term mechanisms for eradicating relative poverty

91. 绿水青山就是金山银山

Clear waters and green mountains are valuable assets.

92. 共建“一带一路”

to jointly build the Belt and Road

93. 既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路

to neither return to the old path of a rigid and closed-door policy, nor stray from the right path by abandoning socialism

94. 把制度执行力和治理能力作为干部选拔任用、考核评价的重要依据

Competence in administration and implementation will be taken as important criteria for the appointment, performance evaluation, and promotion of officials.

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