International Museum Day: Exploration of museums about ancient Shu (Sichuan) -- unsolved mysteries of thousand-year-old cultural relics

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Sun Bird

Grade: National grade one cultural relics. It was excavated in the sacrificial pit at Jinsha sites and included in the "The Third Catalogue of the Cultural Relics Prohibited Overseas Exhibitions" by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage in 2013. 

Appearance and characteristics: This golden ornament is circular. In the center of it is a rotating depiction with four sacred birdlike animals depiction around it, which are symbols of the sun. The Sun Bird Object was appointed by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage as the symbol of China's intangible cultural heritage in 2005.

Unsolved mysteries:Three thousand years ago, in the Bronze Age without iron tools, what tools were used for making this object?

Golden Mask

Grade: National grade one cultural relics. It was excavated in the sacrificial pit at the Jinsha site.

Appearance and characteristics: This mask is square with long knife-shaped eyebrows and raised eyes. The triangular nose is very tall and the mouth is wide. It is the largest and the best preserved golden mask during the same period found in China.

Unsolved mysteries:Is this golden mask made according to the face of a god in the ancient Shu period, or the face of an ancient wizard?Does it just represent a symbol of a god?

Ten Festival Jade Cong

Grade: National first-class cultural relics excavated in the sacrificial pit of Jinsha site in 2001.

Appearance and characteristics: This jade is divided into ten sections, each section forms a simplified human face pattern on the corners which are used as the central axis, and the whole device has a total of 40 faces. A humanoid symbol is engraved on the top of one side.

Unsolved mysteries: A human figure is carved on one side. Who is it? Could it be a wizard? Why should human figures be carved on Jade Cong? What kind of secrets are there?

Bronze Standing Portrait

Grade: National first-class cultural relics. It was excavated at the sacrificial pit of Jinsha site.

Appearance and characteristics: The bronze standing man wears a sun-like hat with 13 arc-shaped teeth-like ornament. A braided braid hangs behind his head, with apricot eyes wide open, and big nose, square jaws, big ears and ear drops carved as well. There are perforations under the ears. Holding both hands in front of his chest with fingertips interlocked and the fists hollow, he stands on the socket, with a three-dimensional sense of space.

Unsolved mysteries: Who does this statue stand for? What kind of identity does he represent? Is it the upper-class nobility in charge of religious or political power, or is it the role of a wizard, a king of Shu, or a great wizard and a king of Shu?

Stone Kneeling Portrait

Grade: National first-class cultural relics. It was excavated from the No. 19 ruins in sacrificial pit of Jinsha site.

Appearance and characteristics: This stone kneeling portrait is well preserved and represents a naked male kneeling. The hair on the top of the head is separated from the middle, and the hair behind the head is combed into two long braids and hangs down the waist.

Unsolved mysteries: What are their identities? Are they prisoners of war? Are they slaves or the upper-class nobility? Or were they the sacrifice used by the ancient Shu Kingdom?

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