SYDNEY, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- Male and female lungs are "wired differently" at the molecular level, a new study confirms, providing further evidence supporting sex-inclusive respiratory disease research and treatment.
The study, led by Australia's University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, is the first to show that sex modulates gene networks controlling bronchial responsiveness under normal physiological conditions, said a UTS statement on Thursday.
"Biological sex fundamentally shapes how the lungs function, even under healthy, non-diseased conditions," said study lead author, UTS and Woolcock Institute Research Fellow Razia Zakarya.
"Male lungs are intrinsically more reactive to inhaled triggers than female lungs, which helps explain why the sexes experience respiratory disease differently," Zakarya said, adding these differences arise from discrete gene network activity rather than a single gene or hormone.
The study, published in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology journal, shows that sex differences in lung function exist at a deep molecular level, long before disease develops.
"Essentially, the sexes utilize different genetic toolboxes when exposed to environmental factors," Zakarya said.
The team also found that early-life environmental exposures could alter these molecular networks in sex-specific ways, potentially influencing vulnerability to diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Zakarya said the findings underscore the need for sex-inclusive biomedical and environmental health research from the earliest stages of discovery. Enditem
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