Home
Reading
Listening
Translation
Writing
Vocabulary
Forum
Home > Learning English > Translation Tips
英语中倍数的表达方法和译法

       倍数减少

       (一)A is n times as small (light, slow, ...) as B.

       A is n times smaller (lighter, slower, ...) than B.  

       以上两句均应译为:A的大小(重量、速度、……)是B的1/n,或A比B小(轻、慢、……)(n-1)/n。

       eg: The hydrogen atom is nearly 16 times as light as the oxygen atom.

       氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16)。

       eg: This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.

       这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2)。

       注:当相比的对象B很明显时,than/as B 常被省去。

       (二)decrease n times / n-fold

       decrease by n times  

       decrease by a factor of n

       以上三句均译为:减少到1/n,或减少(n-1)/n。decrease常被reduce、shorten、go/slow down 等词替代。

       eg: Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.

       新型晶体管的开关时间缩短到1/3(即缩短了2/3)。

       eg: When the voltage is stepped up by ten times, the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times.

       电压升高9倍,电流强度便降低9/10(即降低90%)。

       eg: The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5.

       该设备误差概率降低了4/5。

       (三)There is a n-fold decrease / reduction...  

       应译为:减至1/n,或减少(n-1)/n。

       这个句型还有其它一些形式,

       eg: A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed.

       发现迅速减少到1/7。

       eg: The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight.

       这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。

       从以上倍数增减句型及其译法中不难看出:与汉语不同的是,英语在表述或比较倍数时,无论使用什么句型(除了不含倍数词的again句型外)都包括基础倍数在内,因此都不是净增或净减n倍,而是净增或净减n-1倍。所以句型 ⑶、 表示的倍数增量=句型 ;句型 表示的倍数比差=句型 ⑿,且decrease (by) 3 times应译为“减少2/3”,而不是“减少3/4”。

(来源:大耳朵英语)

     1   2  


Print E-mail Bookmark and Share

Go to Forum >>0 Comments

No comments.

Add your comments...

  • User Name Required
  • Your Comment
  • Racist, abusive and off-topic comments may be removed by the moderator.
热点词库
- 英语表达中的言不由衷
- 美语中的感叹词怎么用
- 同声传译的基本方法和技巧
- 口译考试之汉译英的五大技巧
- “录取”的各种英语表达
Chinglish Corner